Getting a bareroot tree off to a strong start is all about the details. While it might look like a simple stick in the ground now, the way you plant it today determines its health for the next twenty years.
In our latest step-by-step video, we walk you through the professional method for planting bareroot apple trees. Here is the breakdown of how to do it right.
1. Prepare the Root System
Before the tree ever touches the soil, give the roots a quick inspection. If there are any excessively long, spindly roots or damaged ends, give them a clean snip. You want a tidy, manageable root system that is ready to expand into its new home.
2. Dig the Right Hole
Size matters, but bigger isn’t always better. You want to dig a hole that is:
- Wide enough to allow the roots to spread out comfortably without circling.
- Deep enough so that you can adjust the height of the tree easily.
3. Position the Tree (The “Graft Union” Rule)
This is the most critical part of the process. Find the graft union—the visible “knob” where the apple variety meets the rootstock.
- The Goal: Keep the graft union 2 to 3 inches above the final soil line.
- Why? If the union is buried, the top part of the tree (the scion) may grow its own roots. This cancels out the benefits of your specific rootstock, such as size control and disease resistance.
4. Backfill and “Tamp”
As you put the soil back into the hole, use your hands or feet to gently tamp it down.
- Eliminate Air Pockets: You want the soil to be in direct contact with every part of the root system.
- The “Shove” Test: Once planted, the tree should feel firm and secure in the ground, not loose or wobbly.
5. Finishing Touches
After the soil is level and the tree is secure, it’s time for maintenance.
- Water immediately to further settle the soil.
- Stake the tree to ensure it grows straight and the graft union is protected from wind stress.
Pro Tip: Planting at the correct depth is the difference between a tree that produces fruit in three years and one that struggles for a decade. Keep that graft union high!